Cook the pasta according to package instructions in a large pot of salted boiling water. Drain and rinse under cold water to cool.
In a large mixing bowl, combine the cooled pasta, arugula, cherry tomatoes, and Parmesan cheese.
In a small bowl, whisk together the olive oil, lemon juice, lemon zest, garlic powder, salt, and pepper until well combined.
Pour the dressing over the pasta salad and toss gently to combine all ingredients evenly.
If using, sprinkle the toasted pine nuts on top before serving.
Chill the salad in the refrigerator for at least 30 minutes to allow the flavors to meld. Serve cold or at room temperature.